Psychological approaches to health practice Essay

Disclose distinctive mental ways to deal with social consideration practice In this task I am going to take a gander at four diverse mental methodologies and how they can be connected to wellbeing and social consideration circumstances, two of the methodologies will be connected to medicinal services circumstances and the other two to social consideration circumstances. The principal approach that I am going to connection to a social consideration circumstance is the behaviorist viewpoint, where clinicians clarify all human conduct as coming about because of experience. Two of the significant clinicians connected with this methodology are Pavlov and Skinner and in spite of the fact that these two accepted that various procedures were included they concurred that conduct was the consequence of learning. I am going to focus on crafted by Skinner. Burrhus Frederic Skinner was an American therapist that worked mostly with pigeons and rodents to examine the significant standards of learni ng new practices. He was answerable for an exceptionally well known bit of gear, the Skinner box, which was a container that contained a switch that when squeezed discharged a food pellet. This crate strengthened switch squeezing conduct. When the rodent was put inside Skinners box it would sniff and move around and sooner or later push the switch and discharge the food pellet. At the point when the rodent has pushed the switch commonly it will discover that this conduct, pushing the switch, is trailed by the arrival of the food pellet, the outcome. As the rodent might want to have more food the pellet is experienced as fortifying and this expands the opportunity of the conduct being rehashed. Skinner additionally examined negative support by running an extremely little electric flow on the floor of the crate containing the rodent and in the event that the rodent pushed the switch, at that point the flow would be killed. This activity was negative fortification. A case of this is taking a painkiller to soothe the indications of a migraine which brings about the cerebral pain leaving then you have been adversely strengthened for taking a painkiller. Skinner likewise examined that discipline happens when conduct is trai led by an outcome which is a terrible encounter. He did this by having a container where the rodent got a little electric stun when it pushed the switch. The outcome of pushing the switch was undesirable, an electric stun, so the rodent learned not to push the switch. The standards of operant molding can be utilized to make progressively accommodating practices and evacuate theâ unhelpful ones. The standards of support and discipline are an exceptionally amazing approach to adjust a person’s conduct. This procedure is now and then known as conduct adjustment. My dad utilizes this methodology day by day grinding away as he is a senior jail official at HMP Wayland to keep up request inside the system and my mom utilizes similar thoughts, for homeroom the board at Wayland Academy, consistently. In the two circumstances, great conduct is compensated and poor conduct is rebuffed however in altogether different manners. At Wayland Academy, where I have finished my first work arrangement, there is a conduct strategy called the Red Card Procedure and it is utilized in each study hall all through the school. The strategy is a four phase strategy intended to advance great study hall conduct and understudies get ramifications for conduct that upsets the learning of different understudies. The system is: Stage 1 †Consequence 1 (C1) †The understudy gets a brief detainment for a first event of any conduct that disturbs others learning. This conduct can incorporate getting out, superfluously requesting the teacher’s time and utilizing foul language. Stage 2 †Consequence 2 (C2) †The understudy gets a brief confinement for a second event of any conduct that upsets others learning. This implies the understudy currently has an aggregate of 20 minutes confinement with the class instructor. Stage 3 †Consequence 3 (Time out) †After the third event of troublesome conduct the understudy is sent outside the study hall and the educator goes out and addresses them secretly clarifying that they have arrived at their last possibility of staying in the exercise. In the event that their conduct isn't improved after this they will be expelled from the rest of the exercise and have an hour long after school confinement the next week. Stage 4 †Consequence 4 (Red C ard) †If another case of problematic conduct currently happens the understudy is expelled from the rest of the exercise and gets an hour long after school detainment. The Red Card Procedure takes a shot at a similar premise as Skinners hypothesis that discipline happens when conduct is trailed by a result that is undesirable. On the off chance that the understudy exhibits troublesome conduct, at that point they are rebuffed by the expulsion of their extra time, as confinement, and it is trusted that this discipline will show the understudy to stop the problematic conduct. Aldworth, C. Billingham, M. Lawrence, P. Moonie, N. furthermore, Whitehouse, M (2010) Health and Social Care Level 3 Book 1 BTEC National Harlow: Pearson Education Limited †Pages 339-340 The second methodology that I am going to connection to a social consideration circumstance is the psychological point of view where analysts accept the mind resembled a PC framework and much work has gone in to understanding the intellectual procedures of consideration, memory, observation, data preparing, thought, critical thinking and language. One of the two principle therapists inside this methodology, that I am going to discuss, is George Kelly. He built up a one of a kind mental hypothesis known as the Psychology of Personal Construct where he considered the to be as an experimenter, making their forecasts about the future, testing them and on the off chance that they have to they update them as indicated by new proof. For instance in the event that an individual gets hard of hearing in their middle age, at that point almost certainly, they pull back from society and become detached. Then again on the off chance that they decipher it as a test, at that point they may attempt to discover new and energizing approaches to work around the deafness and proceed with a satisfying life. People with learning troubles may encounter disappointment inside their day by day lives as they try to understand befuddling encounters. The psychological methodology can assist people with learning challenges in misjudged circumstances, by distinguishing silly considerations, an individual can be a manual for transform them, with resulting benefits on their feelings and conduct. This work can improve an individual’s confidence and diminish upheavals which might be brought about by an absence of comprehension of the prerequisites that are required for a circumstance. While I was on arrangement at Wayland Academy, I worked with the Year 7 Gold Group, which is a sustain gathering. The people in this sustain bunch all have certain learning troubles . The gathering is restricted to a limit of 15 understudies so the staff include enough time inside an exercise to go around and assist everybody with understanding the exercise goals and prevent them from getting baffled. For instance, one of the understudies inside the study hall has Aspergers Syndrome which is a type of chemical imbalance however it contrasts from different conditions on the mental imbalance range by its overall safeguarding of semantic and psychological turn of events. The instructor and study hall colleague have certain systems to permit this understudy to get to learning. While they are sitting and working with him they are persistently pulling together his consideration on to the necessary assignment, and this may include moving the work into his eyeline on the off chance that he has gotten occupied. Another procedure is to rehash and revamp the givenâ task until the understudy has seen completely. The instructor and the homeroom collaborator knows when the understudy has comprehended in light of the fact that when he has comprehended he reacts to them in full sentences and when he is as yet battling he just offers single word responses. Aldworth, C. Billingham, M. Lawrence, P. Moonie, N. what's more, Whitehouse, M (2010) Health and Social Care Level 3 Book 1 BTEC National Harlow: Pearson Education Limited †Pages 350-351 and 359-361 http://www.patient.co.uk/specialist/Asperger’s-Syndrome.htm Presently I am going to proceed onward and see medicinal services circumstances and the principal mental methodology I am going to take a gander at is the humanistic viewpoint. Humanistic brain science takes a gander at the human experience from an individual’s perspective and utilizations through and through freedom and that everybody is allowed to settle on decisions. One of the two analysts I am going to discuss is Carl Rodgers and was keen in general thought idea of self. Self-idea takes a gander at the way every individual perspectives themselves, this incorporates organic and physical properties. Self-idea is seen at a youthful age, when youngsters disguise different individual’s decisions about them and think it is valid. For instance in the event that a youngster gets called mischievous or senseless all through their adolescence, at that point their self-idea will contain these perspectives and potentially shape their future in a negative manner. Then again on t he off chance that a youngster is applauded and urged to succeed, at that point they will have a positive self-idea and will attempt better at what they do in light of the fact that they begin to consider themselves to be beneficial. Carl Rodgers is celebrated for framing a specific kind of guiding which depends on unqualified positive respect from the advocate, to help out the patient increase a progressively positive feeling of self. Unrestricted positive respect alludes to the possibility that the advisor underpins and approves the individual’s encounters, sentiments, convictions and feelings genuinely, regardless of whether fortunate or unfortunate. After some time this enables the patient to acknowledge themselves and contemplate what their identity is. One of the highlights of this way to deal with helping other people is to create sympathy. Compassion is something contrary to compassion where you would feel frustrated about an individual sympathy us to truly tune in to the individual and be on top of their feelings, and regard them for who they are This isn't generally eas

Lady Macbeth Seduces Macbeth In Many Ways Essay -- essays research pap

Woman Macbeth makes every effort to tempt Macbeth. She comforts him and invigorates him after Duncans murder. She weakens and puts down him to persuade him to submit the homicide. She secretively lures Macbeth by her self destruction. At the point when Macbeth gets some answers concerning her passing he loses all expectation and abandons life.      After Macbeth's deed was done, he would of surrender to his blame if not for woman Macbeth. His neurosis began to bamboozle him. Macbeth imagines that somebody has heard him perpetrate the wrongdoing, " I have carried out the thing, didst thou not hear a commotion? " (Macbeth, II, II, 15) The great Lady reveals to Macbeth she didn't hear anything, she is soothing him by consoling him that nobody heard a thing, " I heard the owl shout and the crickets cry. Didn't you talk? " (Macbeth, II, II, 16 - 17) Macbeth has blame and sympathy for what he has done to Duncan, he looks down on himself. [looking at his hands] " This is a sorry sight. " (Macbeth, II, II, 22). Woman Macbeth comes through and shows Macbeth solace and quality before he loses it and accomplishes something unreasonable. At the point when Macbeth comes back to his chamber in the wake of slaughtering Duncan and Lady Macbe th discovers that he didn't do the finish of the arrangement, the peruser sees a snapshot of frenzy in Lady Macbeth. She rapidly recovers, however, and concludes that she should finish the arrangement herself. She says to Macbeth, "Give me the knifes. The dozing and the dead are however ...

10 Meeting Rules to Host Productive and Effective Meetings

10 Meeting Rules to Host Productive and Effective Meetings A recent study of 19 million meetings found that workers in the U.S. spend an average of two hours a week in pointless meetings. And while that doesn’t sound like a lot, the exponential cost of two hours per person per week is massive. Altogether, these pointless meetings cost U.S. companies nearly $400 billion each year. Companies can save a tremendous amount of money and improve their productivity greatly by simply having fewer pointless meetings. And the best way to limit the number of pointless meetings being held is to establish a set of meeting rules that everyone must follow. 10 Meeting Rules for Productive and Effective Meetings If you feel that your company’s or team’s productivity is being drained by pointless, ineffective meetings, consider establishing these 10 meeting rules. 1. Hold meetings only when they’re absolutely required Scheduling a meeting shouldn’t be an automatic response to every question or issue. Instead, people should be expected to seriously consider if a meeting is the appropriate format. In an article for Harvard Business Review, time management coach Elizabeth Grace Saunders recommends asking these questions to determine if a meeting is what you truly need: “Have I thought through this situation?” Instead of scheduling a meeting at the first sign of a problem or the first time you’re asked a question you’re not sure how to answer, take time to think strategically and form a logical process for addressing the issue. “Does moving forward require a real-time conversation?” Workers waste far more time in meetings than they do answering emails. Before scheduling a meeting, determine if you can solve the problem simply by sending an email. Status meetingsâ€"meetings where you meet to discuss or review progressâ€"tend to be a particular drain on productivity. These meetings can be easily done away with altogether by adopting task management software that lets everyone see progress on a project in real-time. See Real-Time Project Progress Try it for free Try it for free 2. Only invite people who are truly needed Instead of inviting everyone to your meeting, only invite those people whose input is absolutely required. A lot of times, people will send meeting invites to an entire distribution list, allow guests to forward the meeting invite to others, or simply add everyone who’s in any way involved in a project. The result: massive meetings that are difficult to keep on track, and lists of attendees who have nothing to contribute to or gain from the meeting. According to Michael Mankins, co-author of Time, Talent, Energy, people often feel that they don’t have the authority to turn down meeting invitationsâ€"particularly from higher managersâ€"even if they feel like the meeting will be unproductive. Therefore, the responsibility sits with the meeting organizer to determine exactly who will bring real value and decision-making power to a meeting before sending out invitations. Amazon’s CEO Jeff Bezos, who famously meets with his investors for just six hours per year, has a two-pizza rule: no meeting should be held with more people than can be fed with two pizzas. By restricting meeting sizes, Bezos claims that meetings move faster and conversations are purely between people with decision-making power. If you’re on the receiving end of too many invitations to pointless meetings, consider adopting these five strategies for attending fewer meetings. 3. Assign a meeting facilitator To run effective meetings, someone needs to be facilitating. The facilitator’s role is to ensure that the meeting starts and ends on time, covers and sticks to the agenda, and follows all established meeting rules. The key responsibility of the meeting facilitator is to create an environment where attendees can work together to reach an effective solution or conclusion within the designated time. That might include things like: introducing attendees ensuring everyone is given time to share his/her input, and cutting off off-topic discussions The logical facilitator for any meeting is the person who’s organizing the meeting, so if you’re sending meeting invites to your coworkers, you should be prepared to act as its facilitator and keep the meeting you scheduled on track so it’s productive for all attendees. 4. Set up meeting equipment in advance If you’re hosting your meeting in a conference room, head over to that conference room before your meeting begins to get set up and make sure you have everything you need. Why is this important? It’s not a good use of anyone’s time to sit around for 15 minutes watching the meeting organizer struggle to get the projector working. If another meeting is scheduled just before yours that will prevent you from setting up early, check the meeting room at the end of a workday when it’s empty and make sure it has everything you need. You don’t want to find out that you needed an adapter for the projector seconds before your meeting begins. Finally, it’s also a good idea to double-check your meeting invite to make sure any remote participants have the details they need to join your meeting, such as dial-in numbers and meeting codes. Check to make sure those details are included in your invitationâ€"and that they’re accurate. 5. Share a meeting agenda in advance Sharing an agenda for your meeting well before the meeting takes place helps attendees see what’s going to be expected of them during the meeting. This helps them gather any information they may need in order to participate in the meeting productively. If the people you’ve invited don’t know what they need to prepare for, you run the risk of having to host a follow-up meeting to discuss details you couldn’t gather in the first meeting because people didn’t know what questions they were going to be asked or what information they would need to provide. Create Meeting Agendas Quickly and Easily Get MindMeister Get MindMeister 6. Take and share meeting notes The best team meetings result in a clear, shared understanding of what’s needed next, including actionable, assigned tasks. It’s the role of the meeting facilitator or assigned notetaker to ensure that all takeaways, actionable items, and decisions are documented and shared with attendees after the meeting. When taking notes in meetings, notetakers should focus on: Facts (e.g. “Jenna is the creative lead on this project.”) Issues (e.g. “There is too much work to complete by the deadline.”) Decisions (e.g. “We will break this project up into smaller, more manageable chunks.”) Action Plans (e.g. “The project manager and creative lead will determine how to break this project up.”) Questions and Answers (e.g. questions that couldn’t be answered during the meeting or answers provided to questions that were asked during the meeting) Taking detailed meeting notes is also important if you’re following the second meeting rule on this list: only invite people who are truly needed. If you’re limiting your invite list, meeting notes are useful for people who need to know the outcome of the meeting even though they didn’t need to be involved in the meeting itself. Related: 5 Simple Strategies for Taking Better Notes at Work 7. Give everyone the opportunity to participate In a typical eight-person team meeting, three people do 70% of the talking. As the meeting facilitator, there are a number of things you can do to encourage a better balance and give everyone a chance to participate. First, you can help people come to the meeting more confident and ready to participate. This can be achieved by sharing key questions you’re planning to ask and problems you’re hoping to solve before the meeting (via a meeting agenda) so people can come to the meeting prepared. Second, during the meeting, it’s the role of the facilitator to ensure that the meeting isn’t dominated by one or two attendees. This can be done by actively asking less assertive attendees their opinions during the meeting or watching for physical cues that someone is struggling to break into the discussion. Not everyone is comfortable fighting for the floor, but most will happily speak up if you offer them the opportunity. And if you’ve shared the meeting agenda in advance and asked attendees to prepare, there’s also less of a risk that you’re putting them on the spot. Find more tips like these in our guide to inclusive team meetings. 8. Limit discussion times for each agenda item Meetings should be no longer than an hour, as sixty minutes is generally the longest time people can remain truly engaged. To this end, it’s important that your meeting finishes on time. To make sure you don’t run out of time before covering every item on your agenda, it helps to limit the amount of time you’ll spend on each topic you need to cover. Consider allocating a specific amount of time to each agenda item. Then, when time’s up, move on. If you don’t want to bound discussions by set time limits, you should at least make sure to list the most important items higher up on the agenda so they’re covered first. Related: 6 Productivity Tips to Keep Your Meetings on Track 9. Ban unnecessary devices To make your meetings faster and more effective, ensure team members respect other meeting attendees by actively listening. It’s a fact that it’s much harder to listen when you’re multitaskingâ€"checking emails, replying to IMs, or making lunch plans via text messages. If you’re meeting in-person, ask attendees to stay off their phones and laptops unless they need them to take meeting notes. When hosting an online meeting, this can be more difficult to control. However, asking all attendees to keep their cameras on can help. The good news: if you’re only inviting people who are truly needed, keeping your meetings limited to a reasonable amount of time, and sticking to your agenda, attendees will be less likely to multitask because your meetings will be more valuable for them to pay attention to. Related: The Art of Listening in Distributed Teams 10. Speak slowly and clearly when presenting When speaking publicly, Carmine Gallo, author of Talk Like TED, advises speaking at a rate of 190 words per minute. If you speak much faster, you can end up sounding nervousâ€"as if you’re trying to get it over with as soon as possible. When holding a meeting online, this is even more important. According to Susan Colaric, Assistant Vice President for Instructional Technology at Saint Leo University: Video-conference meetings should actually move at a slightly slower pace than a typical meeting due to a two- to three-second delay for most systems to communicate. “If you’re leading the meeting,” Colaric says, “make sure there are sufficient pauses after asking a question. If you are a participant, bring attention to yourself before addressing the group by signaling with your hand or saying ‘question’ or ‘comment,’ and then waiting a couple of seconds before continuing.” Related: 9 Steps to Leading a Successful Online Meeting Adopt An Effective Post-Meeting Workflow One final important part of conducting effective meetings is what you do after the meeting is over. After a meeting, it’s important to recap the decisions made in the meeting, share your recap with attendees via email, and assign any tasks to relevant people. Having a written meeting recap gives people something to point to if there are questions down the line about how and why certain decisions were made. Additionally, if you assign people the tasks they’re responsible for, you can make sure those tasks are completed (so a follow-up meeting isn’t required). If you follow these meeting rules for every meeting you schedule, you’ll be doing your part to limit the number of pointless meetings and reduce the waste of unproductive meetings. Best of all, if you gain a reputation for being someone who runs truly productive meetings, your coworkers will appreciate that you value their time and will make more of an effort to attend your meetings in the future. Assign Tasks Easily After Every Meeting

4mat Book Review Essay - 1467 Words

4-MAT Book Review: Susan A. Wheelan Knox Capre Liberty University APA Formatting Abstract Creating Effective Teams: a Guide for Members and Leaders is a book by Wheelan (2013) designed to do as the title states; guiding members and leaders to create effective teams. Wheelan (2013) begins the book by highlighting the reasons that groups are important. Wheelan (2013) states that throughout history, â€Å"Groups have played a major role in both the survival of human beings and the development of human culture† (p. 1). The majority of the book is based on 4 stages that create a group of individuals into an effective team. The first stage is called dependency and inclusion. According to Wheelan (2013), the first stage of the group is†¦show more content†¦The first goal of stage three is to solidify positive relationships between members. The second goal is to engage in more mature negotiations about group roles and organizational procedures. Once the three are stages are worked through the n the fourth stage, Work (Wheelan, 2013), can be accomplished. Wheelan (2013) identifies the fourth stage as a time of intense team productivity and effectiveness. This is the stage that is the result of creating the effective team. Once the four stages have been identified and understood, Wheelan (2013) goes on to elaborate on how a group leader can keep the team effective. Wheelan (2013) speaks of 10 keys to productivity (goals, roles, interdependence, leadership, communication and feedback, [discussion, decision making and planning], implementation and evaluation, norms and individual differences, structure, cooperation and conflict management). Wheelan (2013) also shares the ways that group members become effective team members (don’t blame others, support the leader, promote effective problem-solving, etc†¦) as well as how a leader can be an effective team leader (be direct and confident, involve members in leadership, adjust your leadership style to the group, etc†¦). Finally, Wheelan (2013) highlights effective organiza tional support for teams, which includes an organization support checklist. Concrete Response There really wasn’t a video roll that played in my head, but I canShow MoreRelatedEssay on 4Mat Book Review Family to Family1872 Words   |  8 Pagesï » ¿Abstract Family to Family is a book written by the author Dr. Jerry Pipes and Victor Lee. Dr. Pipes is a leader with the North American Mission Board. He travels around the world speaking to audiences through various conferences and workshops, training and equipping many in how to change lives for Christ. He is an accomplished author, husband and father. 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The Great Depression Of The 1930 S - 1026 Words

John Maynard Keynes was the most influential economist of the 1900’s and many of his ideas were adopted by Franklin D. Roosevelt to combat the Great Depression of the 1930’s. With the passing of the economic crisis in 2008, countless articles have been published supporting Keynes and his economic thought. He originally investigated the origins of the Great Depression and remodeled the field of economics with a basic conclusion: economies recover from downturns by spending money. Keynes theorized that during financial downfalls, the public becomes frightened and decreases spending, this leads to more layoffs, which in turn leads to an even greater decline in consumption, creating a vicious cycle. Many of Keynes’ theories in The General Theory of Employment, Interest, and Money (1936) are accurate, but are often overlooked in the legislative sector, due to political agendas triumphing over logic. â€Å"When the capital development of a country becomes a by-product of the activities of a casino, the job is likely to be ill-done. The measure of success attained by Wall Street . . . cannot be claimed as one of the outstanding triumphs of laissez-faire capitalism.† I will be addressing Keynes’ concept of business cycles in The General Theory of Employment, Interest, and Money—mainly focusing on the 2008 financial crisis—and analyze whether or not these arguments are more or less accurate than his other conclusions. I strongly believe that many of his ideas are true as heShow MoreRelatedThe Great Depression Of The 1930 S1476 Words   |  6 Pagesthe great depression of the 1930’s and the great recession in the United State of America. 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Team Ground Rules and Guidelines Free Essays

What are the general expectations for all members of the team? Sarah Dowling- It is our goal as a team to work collaboratively to ensure all members’ thoughts, ideas, and input are shared, discussed, considered, and incorporated into the learning team assignments and projects. It is people’s duty to be accountable for his or her individual portion of the project and to strive to do their personal best. As a group we will seek out opportunities within each other’s strengths to improve our quality of work and assist those team members who may struggle to do so. We will write a custom essay sample on Team Ground Rules and Guidelines or any similar topic only for you Order Now In the event disagreement occurs between cohorts in regards to any one idea, including but not limited to: substance, quality, or timeline of work submitted, team members will vote to decide if the individual/ idea will continue to work with the group or project. Each member must be committed to the team’s academic achievement and success. Expectations for Time Management and Involvement (Participation, communication with the team, accessibility, etc.) Sarah Dowling- Our team will communicate frequently via e-mail and phone, as well as before and after class. Team members agree to attend all meetings in  whichever method possible. All persons must complete their portion of the agreed upon work in a timely manner that shall be determined by the group as a whole. Ensuring Fair and Even Contribution and Collaboration What strategy will you use to ensure that all team members are contributing and collaborating appropriately? Describe the communication strategy you will use if a team member is not contributing and collaborating effectively.How will the team manage conflicts between team members? Sarah Dowling- Team members will arrive on time to meetings and agree to share input and progress with his or her individual portion of teamwork. An absent team member accepts the decision of the team regarding credit points recorded in the team log. It is each member’s responsibility to communicate to the team their honest availability, knowledge, and capability of completing the group assignments. Strategies to resolve poor work quality include additional tutoring and workshops to be completed by individuals as needed to ensure high academic achievement as the goal of the group. Special Considerations What do you, as a team, agree will make this team experience different from past team experiences? Sarah Dowling- By effectively communicating amongst each other and sharing ideas the team will be successful. A commitment to a timeline and a dedication to producing quality work will ensure that all team projects are executed with a high academic standard. How to cite Team Ground Rules and Guidelines, Papers

Project Scope Implementing and Supporting Methodologies

Question: Discuss about theProject Scopefor Implementing and Supporting Methodologies. Answer: Introduction: Assessment of the Report on the Current Project. The analysis did show that there were loopholes for computer risks due the XY Departments outdated systems. The evaluation of the report indicates that the departments had an initial budget of 2.3 million required to implement changes in their computer systems. However, the department of federal government decided to allocate them 1.5 million due to the financial challenges the state was facing. A project was then stopped, and planning within the budget was set by coming up with set goals for the change and upgrade of the hardware and software of the department. The whole upgrade was projected to end on June 30th, 2010. This needed a management to take charge, and a steering committee was immediately formed having all the board members from the XY Department. "Good Programs" an independent company took advantage of the opportunity and promised to upgrade the software and Hardware components of the XY department. The company set off by updating the software part of the scheme. Despite the effort by "Good Programs" to install the software, their efforts were doubted by several XY Department managers as the committee found some shortcoming associated with the newly installed software. The board then decided to hire a system tester to determine the problem with the software. However, this proved to be an overhead cost for them. Appointment of a new CEO took place after the current CEO together with the finance manager were removed. The new CEO was advised on an additional 185, 000 pounds needed for the completion of the project. This presented itself as a challenge as the money was not in his current budget. He also was not up to speed on what had been implemented and what had remained. This is because the new CEO cant see any documentation or reports, budget or changes in the scope available for reference. This, therefore, concluded with the plan and the project scope with a clear milestone to implement installation of new software and hardware systems being not achieved (Kettl, 1988). The Basic Structure of this Report The structure of this report has its base on the different causes that may have led to the failure of the XY Department project to install new updates on the software and hardware system in their organization. Another basis will be on the recommended strategy that the business organization should use if it is to be successful at all (Cicmil, Williams, Thomas, Hodgson, 2006). Comparison of this Assessment with Sound Project Management Practices. The following presents a comparison of sound project management with that of XY Department; a) The standard change; every organization has to lay down the standard changes which do not affect the day to day running of a business such as the installation of an antivirus. The department didnt have this in mind and was just focus on a broader picture (Cicmil, Williams, Thomas, Hodgson, 2006). b) Emergency changes: these present a critical situation on which the organization has to make a quick change but perfectly. The XY saw that they needed an upgrade on their system but lacked the very basis of the change and ended up destroying everything (Kerzner, 2004). c) Back out a plan: for any organization when in the process of implementing new strategy there is always a way back to the original starting point before any changes were made. The organization had no back out plan (Charvat, 2003). d) Project service availability: this presents a scenario in which for a change to be implemented the timing should matter and the process take place when the customer traffic is low. With the organization, no such considerations were made (House, Javidan, Hanges, Dorfman, 2002). Recommend Steps to Bring the Project to a Close The following recommendation could help bring the project to a close; a) They should specify the scope and the project objectives; The Good Programs should define the level of work that needs to be performed, incorporating the total resources required for the software and hardware installation. After the definition of the objectives and the scope, they should have a review with the project steering committee and agrees on what has to be done (Charvat, 2003). b) They should specify the deliverables; A description of what the project will deliver should be done by Good Programs. As the scope was to remove outdated software and hardware a clear indication of this and what is to be installed should be done in front of the committee before commence. c) The should define the project planning; Ways in which the production of all delivery technique should have been clearly stated by Good Programs including site information and the structural breakdown of each location (Charvat, 2003). Recommend Improvements to the CSDs Future Project Management Practices. The XY Department should subdivide the project into three phases; the planning, executive, and close-packed phase (Kerzner, 2013). Several factors need to be taken seriously like; The scope; the project, customers, and the recipients need to be defined. The audience also has to be targeted in the range. b) The stakeholders; the starting and running of the project are to be effected by individuals and the organization, and this should highly be defined before the project begins. c) Goals; every project should have a goal, and the team should have made clear and achievable goals. d) Planning; for every project that is to be started extensive planning should be done by both the shareholders and the management as a project is impossible to complete successfully with no planning at all. The plan should be executed by the people who are involved with the project throughout (Kerzner, 2013). e) A Proper estimate of cost and time; an accurate estimate of the cost and time it will take for the project to meet its goals should be set. This ensures that the project goals are realized and not reaching half completing then there are no more funds to finance the project. Attributes and Skill Sets Recommended in Selecting a Project Manager a) Visionary; the project leader should be effective when he has a vision of all that he is doing and ability to solve problems that may come as a result. b) Integrity; when there is a conflicting situation that conflict with ethical beliefs project leader needs to display integrity to assess the situation and solve it without bias (El-Sabaa, 2001). c) Competence; the project managers should possess the technical know-how on the project he is starting and not just relying on his advisers and the management for help. d) Ability to delegate task; the project manager should show wisdom in the delegation of duties as per an employee's area and level of specialization without fear or bias (El-Sabaa, 2001). Advice to the CEO The CEO should make everything possible to ensure that a project in his organization is a success. The CEO should also be ready to learn. He/she can do this through attending seminars and getting new ideas for his project. The CEO should also display excellent ability to think and come with projects that entail profitability in both the short and the long-term strategies. The CEO should also be faithful to the workforce as this will boost loyalty and improve the quality of work (Cicmil, Williams, Thomas, Hodgson, 2006). Conclusion Upgrading of the XY Department system was a fantastic idea as it is through this upgrade that risks will be minimized. However, the pan that was installed by the management committee showed that they had no managerial qualities to set up, run and finish a project. This led to the collapse of the project even before it was completed. Recommendation Proper layouts should be performed before undertaking any project plan. Resources ranging from capital, plans, raw materials, time, labor should be clearly stipulated in the project plan before it commences. The vision and goals of the project should realize an exact estimate of when the project will end should also be estimated. Standard project control measures should be taken as the back out the plan in case the project is to fail (Highsmith, 2009). References Charvat, J. (2003). Project management methodologies: selecting, implementing, and supporting methodologies and processes for projects. John Wiley Sons. Cicmil, S., Williams, T., Thomas, J., Hodgson, D. (2006). Rethinking project management: Researching the actuality of projects. International Journal of Project Management, 24(8), 675-686. El-Sabaa, S. (2001). The skills and career path of an effective project manager. International journal of project management, 19(1), 1-7. Highsmith, J. (2009). Agile project management: creating innovative products. Pearson Education. House, R., Javidan, M., Hanges, P., Dorfman, P. (2002). Understanding cultures and implicit leadership theories across the globe: an introduction to Project GLOBE. Journal of world business, 37(1), 3-10. Kerzner, H. (2004). Advanced project management: Best practices on implementation. John Wiley Sons. Kerzner, H. R. (2013). Project management: a systems approach to planning, scheduling, and controlling. John Wiley Sons. Kettl, D. F. (1988). Government by proxy:(Mis?) managing federal programs. Cq Press. Wheelwright, S. C., Clark, K. B. (1992). Creating project plans to focus product development. Harvard Business School Pub.

Democratic and Non Democratic System Essay Example

Democratic and Non Democratic System Essay Example Democratic and Non Democratic System Essay Democratic and Non Democratic System Essay In democratic system people are participating in political and decision making process without considering their race, color, physical ability such as Scandinavian countries. They are able to decide on their destiny directly or through their representatives. Each individual have their votes and these votes are effective and able to change decisions. There is no lumber on their choice and government can not mobilize citizens to pro-government relies; in contrast people are being mobilized by themselves or non governmental organization to put a pressure on the government. However, in non-democratic regimes people are not participating in political process and they were restricted by central body. The government has absolute powers over its citizens and nobody have a right to freely participate in election, decision making process and so on. The government dominated everything and every activity within the territory of its sovereignty. Furthermore, the government has an authority to practice some policy to mobilize people for particular purposes like demonstrating against some countries or the activity of opposition parties or to show of that their government is representing their dignity and choices (Allen, 2002). For instance, the former Iraqi regime restricted people from voting and the government banned any anti governmental actions, tortured and jailed people especially women and mobilized people to pro-government demonstrations against the USA and Israel (Lasky, 2006). In democratic regimes the leaders and those who are governing country are elected by the community. The head of the state has not inclusive power, but there are some limitation on his/her authority that defined by the constitution. This constitution written by some expertise and passed through democratic and freely referendum that people directly voted for like Denmark, Australia, Estonia, Germany, Uruguay after the authoritarian regimes in 1946 (Schiller, 2009, p. 7). The authority circulated among the government apparatus like parliament, president and prime minister and decisions are collective. Likewise, there is a political pluralism and multi-party system that competes to achieve the majority of parliament seats and no one of them can control government. Parties are competing on the base of public goods, political reconciliation and values rather than monopolizing power (Dixon Senese, 2002, p. 550). Though, in non democratic system the country governs by a small group of people whether they are individual, military, family or one dominant party (Allen, 2002, p. 170). They absolute power and use it to their self interests and through this they achieve their personal desires. Fore example, in the dictatorship regimes, one individual on the top level decide on the destiny of millions of people without considering their likeness and wishes such as Hitler and Mussolini. Here, the president or prime minister doesn’t elected by people but they come to power through military coup or revolution. Also, in some places the government governs by the dominant family or tribes. The family gives the priority to its members and neglects other people to participate in the process of governing, also they use country’s resources and dominate the economy. This is very common in monarchy systems especially in Arab countries like Saudi Arabia, Oman, and Bahrain. Controversy, one of the other features of non-democratic system is governing country by the Military, in this case â€Å"Human rights and democratic freedoms may be severely curtailed by the government† and the election is controlled by the government and opposition parties can not win or get the majority of votes due to the military intervention as Myanmar, Nigeria and North Korea (James et al, 1999). Finally, in some countries one party controlled the whole country and there is no alternative or opposition inside the government like communist countries such as North Korea, China, Cuba, Laos, Vietnam (Slater 2003, p. 98) In democratic system, government is a guardian to human rights protection and providing the best life condition to its citizens. The minority groups whether they are Religious group or ethnic group are living in the safe environment without government intervention to confine their activity and repressing them. Besides, they are participating in political process and their rights guaranteed from any threats by majority or any attempts to undermine their identity. However, in non-democratic regimes minority rights is absolutely under threatens of majority and the government exercise a tyranny and enmity policy toward them. They can not practice their religions beliefs and took part in political activities. In contrast there are many limitations on their freedom and most of the times they are in hazard because of majority groups that controlled the government apparatus such as Iran that authoritarian regime targeted Azeri, Kurds, and Bloch. In some countries the minority groups can not express their identity, speak and study in their language but all of these are controlled by the government, and they should submit the government regulation like Turkey which violated the right of millions of Kurdish minority and doesn’t give them a permission even to speak and study in their language (Democracyweb, 2008). Besides, in such non-democratic system government arrest politician and human rights activist, also jail them with out trial as Tibet in Chine. Individual liberty and free press are basic components of democratic system. People in democratic government express their opinion and make their choices. Furthermore, they can choose their religion belief, political ideology, sexual statue whether they are gay or lesbian and etc. In addition, they have organizational rights and they are able to create an organization and work independently. Also, their rights defined by the law and nobody can assault their freedom. Also, the government encourages more personal autonomy and support individual self-governing. Besides, they have a freedom of speech and press. People contribute in healthy democracy and create a good government, economic development and political accountability (Freedom House, 2009). However, in non-democratic government individual liberty and freedom of speech is diminished. There is no choice for individual and the government imposes political ideology and belief on them. Anybody who disobeys would face penalty, and there is no freedom for homosexuality. Besides, only those organizations permitted that work for the benefits of the regime. In addition, medias and newspapers are affiliated to the government institutions and publish articles that serve the government interests otherwise any contrary opinion is strictly forbidden. In democratic system there is a freedom of market and trading (Sewell, 2003). The government promotes private sectors and people can make their business and exchange their goods like the USA and liberal democratic countries. Nevertheless, in non-democratic regimes markets are monopolized by the government. There is no space for private sectors and competitive market is diminished and this lead to economic disorder which directly effects on the citizens life. Equality and rule of law are the crucial components of democratic government. Democratic government looks at its citizens in one eye and tries to enhance the standard of their living equally. Also, â€Å"each person has an equal say to determine the common legal, political and economic institutions that they live under† (Stanford University, 2009). Controversy, in democratic regimes law is superior and government should obey its legislature. Everybody is equal and treating equally and the executive should submit. The law is defined every citizen’s acts and reflect their interests. But, in non-democratic regimes the government makes disparity among its citizens, maybe support certain people or social class and serve them, simultaneously neglect others. Alternatively, there is a weak rule of law and doesn’t play a vital role and undermined by the oppressive government. Moreover, the government may pass a law or procedure that doesn’t reflect people’s interest like Kurdistan when parliament passed a law of polygamy without asking people which was not in favor of women (Ahewar, 2008), but they tolerated under the pressure of religious groups. All in all, the democratic system is about decision making and people’s participating in governing. It has components like collective decision, electoral participations, political pluralism, multi party system, minority rights, free markets, individual liberties, freedom of speech and organizational rights. But in no democratic regimes people are not self-governing and human rights and individual freedom is under threatened. The government and leaders are repressing minority groups, opposition parties and create inequality among their citizens. Besides, head of the government has a complete power to make any decision and law. Free media, newspaper and organizational activity are prohibited, also markets and economy is dominated by the government. Bibliography: Ahewar, 2008. Campaign to stop polygamy in Kurdistan-Iraq. (updated December 19, 2008). Available at: ahewar. org/eng/show. art. asp? id=671 [accessed May 2, 2009] Bobbio N. , 2006. Democracy and Dictatorship. 2nd ed. Cambridge CB2 UR, UK: Polity Press Christiano T. , 2006. Democracy. (Updated Jul 27, 2006). Available at: http://plato. stanford. edu/entries/democracy/ [accessed May 4, 2009] Democracy web, 2008. Majority Rule/Minority Rights: Country Studies – Turkey. Available at: democracyweb. org/majority/turkey. php [a ccessed May 5, 2009] Democracy, Disputes, and Negotiated Settlements. The Journal of Conflict Resolution, Vol. 46, No. 4, pp. 547-571. Available at: jstor. org/stable/3176190 [accessed May 7, 2009] Ellen G. 2002. Analyzing Politics: An Introduction to Political Science. â€Å"Comparative Freedom House, 2009. Freedom of the Press. Available at: freedomhouse. org/template. cfm? page=16 [accessed April 22, 2009] James et al (1999). Militarized Nondemocratic System vs. Burma. (Updated October 9, 1999) Available at: burmalibrary. org/reg. burma/archives/199910/msg00808. html [accessed April 28, 2009] Lasky M. , 2006. Iraqi Women under Saddam. (Updated 24 April 2006). Available at: alterinter. org/article170. html [accessed May 5, 2009] Politics I: Governmental Systems, Democracy and Non-democracy†. 48-176 Schiller T. , 2009. Direct Democracy in Modern Democratic Evolution. Available at: www. tfd. org. tw/english/docs/Report_03_DM_P_03_14. pdf [accessed May 4, 2009] Sewell P. , 2003. Mixing Free Market, Minority Domination and Democracy Results in World On Fire. (Uploaded February 10, 2003) Available at: http://yaleglobal. yale. edu/display. article? id=929 [accessed May 9, 2009] Slater D. , 2003. Iron Cage in an Iron Fist: Authoritarian Institutions and the Personalization of Power in Malaysia. Comparative Politics, Vol. 36, No. 1, pp. 81-101. Available at: jstor. org/stable/4150161 [accessed April 8, 2009]

Trinity University Admissions and Acceptance Rate

Trinity University Admissions and Acceptance Rate Founded in 1869, Trinity University is a small, private university with historic ties to the Presbyterian Church. The university occupies a 117-acre campus of red brick buildings overlooking San Antonio, Texas. Nearby colleges include University of the Incarnate Word  and St. Marys University. Students come from 45 states and 64 countries, and the college has an impressive 9 to 1 student / faculty ratio. Trinitys business programs are the most popular among the schools 47 majors, but the universitys strengths in the liberal arts and sciences earned the school a chapter of the prestigious Phi Beta Kappa Honor Society. The university is largely residential with over three-quarters of students living on campus. In athletics, the Trinity Tigers compete in the NCAA Division III Southern Collegiate Athletic Conference (SCAC). Will you get in? Calculate your chances of getting in with this free tool from Cappex. Admissions Data (2016) Trinity University Acceptance Rate: 41  percentGPA, SAT and ACT graph for TrinityTest Scores: 25th / 75th PercentileSAT Critical Reading: 580 / 690SAT Math: 580 / 680What these SAT numbers meanTop Texas colleges SAT comparisonACT Composite: 27 / 31ACT English: 26  / 33ACT Math: 26 / 30What these ACT numbers meanTop Texas colleges ACT comparison Enrollment (2016) Total Enrollment: 2,466  (2,298 undergraduates)Gender Breakdown: 47% Male / 53% Female98% Full-time Costs (2016-17) Tuition and Fees: $39,560Books: $1,000 (why so much?)Room and Board: $12,754Other Expenses: $1,400Total Cost: $54,714 Trinity University Financial Aid (2015 -16) Percentage of Students Receiving Aid: 98 percentPercentage of Students Receiving Types of AidGrants: 96 percentLoans: 40  percentAverage Amount of AidGrants: $24,049Loans: $9,197 Academic Programs Most Popular Majors:  Accounting, Communication Studies, Economics, Engineering, English, Finance, History, Marketing, Political ScienceWhat major is right for you?  Sign up to take the free My Careers and Majors Quiz at Cappex. Graduation and Retention Rates First Year Student Retention (full-time students): 89  percent4-Year Graduation Rate: 68 percent6-Year Graduation Rate: 77  percent Intercollegiate Athletic Programs Mens Sports:  Football, Track and Field, Soccer, Basketball, Baseball, Cross Country, Swimming, TennisWomens Sports:  Swimming, Soccer, Cross Country, Track and Field, Volleyball, Tennis If You Like Trinity University, You May Also Like These Schools: Rice University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphBaylor University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphTexas Christian University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphTexas State University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphSt Marys University: Profile  University of Houston: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphTexas Tech University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphUniversity of Dallas: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphDuke University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphVanderbilt University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphStanford University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT Graph Trinity University Mission Statement: see the complete mission statement at  trinity.edu/departments/academic_affairs/hb/histstr/mission.htm Trinity University is an independent co-educational university whose mission is excellence in the interrelated areas of teaching, research, and service. Trinity seeks to provide broad and intensive educational opportunities primarily to undergraduates in liberal arts and sciences, and in selected professional and pre-professional fields. It also offers a small number of selected high quality graduate programs. Data Source: National Center for Educational Statistics

Is the Media in the UK Sexist and Racist Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Is the Media in the UK Sexist and Racist - Essay Example The X rating imposed by the BBFC was as a result of explicit sexual and violent content, according to Stuart McDougal (2003: 3) in his book, Stanley Kubrick’s A Clockwork Orange. Today, the censorship that resulted in an X rating for A Clockwork Orange, and prevented the film from being made available to the British public country-wide, is noticeably absent in the British media; as is the moral judgment and assertion of political interest that once prevailed in the UK’s media. The discernable sexism and racism that once defined the UK’s media were by design, according to David Buckingham, in a journal article published in the Journal of Communication (1998: 33). In his journal essay, Buckingham describes, â€Å". . . the history of media education in the UK, tracing its evolution Leavisite (Leavis and Twerepson 1933) origins, through the advent of cultural studies to the more explicitly political approaches developed in the 1970s. These approaches reflect a gradual democratization of the curriculum, as well as a form of cultural or political protectionism (1998: 33).† There has been, writes Buckingham, a noticeable and discernable move away from the aforementioned protectionism, resulting in a more open, less sexist, less racially discriminatory British media (1998: 33). The teaching of media in the UK, utilizing the Leavis and Thompson (1933) methods, was, according to Buckingham, focused on â€Å". . . salvation of the (British) culture – preserving the literary heritage, language, values, and health of the nation it was seen to embody and represent (1998: 34).† In their book, British Cultural Identities, authors Peter Childs and Mike Storry write, â€Å"The British are famed for both their prurience and their sexual reserve, a stereotype which, though exploited with many British cultural forms (Merchant/Ivory â€Å"heritage† cinema, for example), probably derives less from contemporary cultural attitudes than from England’s former role in the global imposition of repressive middle-class norms and values (2002: 128)†.

Charles Gains Conceptualism in Los Angeles Essay

Charles Gains Conceptualism in Los Angeles - Essay Example Ever since the 1960s2, when art in Los Angeles was defined by the introduction of abstract depictions, conceptualization has grown steadily amongst artists. Previous, one sees many faces in painting3 which had led to modernism by themed-nineteenth century. In conceptualization, the focus is on using abstract modes of expression to depict materials that we see around us in daily life, in an all new way. The main advantage of having such an art form was that lovers of art got a new perspective to look at nature and things around them. The perspective was believed to be initially impressionistic. Greenberg in his work Towards a Newer Laocoon, historically delineates how art has been evolving to become â€Å"pure† in its â€Å"medium† and in doing so it must retain the paint and the canvas for what it is and only convey sensation. Once this prescription has been satisfied the painter has achieved the â€Å"medium† of abstract art. Clark’s interpretation of Gre enberg’s Towards a Newer Laocoon, sparks a heated debate between him and Michael Fried. Clark argues that Greenberg is historicizing in his writing and ignoring that art is a reflection of the artist social environment. Formalism should not be the only thing accounted for in a painting but content as well. Artistic standards in history go hand in hand with social practice, which is evident in nineteenth-century Romantics. According to Clement Greenberg (1982), official painting and art forms were set to take a backseat in new forms of artistic depiction. Greenberg argues that if an artwork can be interpreted and agreed upon to be representative of a specific â€Å"situation† or â€Å" object†, then it is merely an imitation rather than a medium. Art (paintings and sculptures) in the 17th and 18th century was directly imitating literature, and so literature being the medium- art was just an illusion of literature.

Online Shoe Company Business Strategy

Online Shoe Company Business Strategy INTRODUCTION The business strategy game is an online, PC-Based game in which you run the world wide athletic footwear market in confronting each other competition against other markets companies run by different group of students into different industry. But this paper only focus on the industry 10 where 12 different companies named Air Nike, Dolce and Banana, IMF vs WTO, Fabulous Foots, Galpha, BAD BOYZ III, Legs supreme, CHU WUB CHU WUB, KVincci, , E-XIE, HA-N Ltd., and Just walk are included. In my industry BAD BOYZ III includes five members (Virayudh Baram, Saif Ur Rehman, Ying Zhao, Maliha Hasin and Imran Shahzad) are responsible for managing all aspects of the companys operation. Every company tried to use their best technique and execute well planned strategies for their company specially considering against the strategies of competitor companies, delivers good bottom-line results (Net Revenue, Earning per share (EPS), the return on equity (ROE), stock price, credit rating and image rating ) and builds shareholder value. This paper is divided in three main sections. First section describe the strategy adopted by BAD BOYZ III Company with the help of Michael Porter â€Å"Five Forces† theory, second section describes the external analysis of company using PESTLE analysis and at end the BAD BOYZ III company analysis from year 11 to year 17 will be discussed with each year progress diagrams shown in Appendix. BUSINESS STRATEGY IMPORTANCE The business strategy game is real time practice business environment. In this game our role is as Manager who responsible to use productive and efficient strategies for company production and profit. In strategic management the role and effect of top managers on company performance and importance of this relationship how may be affected by companys strategy is always recognize as critical issues (Hambrick and Mason (1984), Gupta and Govindarajan (1984), Gunz and Jalland (1996)). Business strategy is influenced by top management team of any firm (Hambrick and Mason, 1984). MICHAEL PORTER (1985) BASIC STRATEGY MODEL Michael Porter (1985) describes market Industry constitution and arrangement within the market is key factor for establishment of competitive strategy. Competitive advantages of any company against other competitors can be described by the â€Å"Five Forces† diagram shows the main idea of Porters theory of competitive advantage. This theory helps companies to know about the rules and regulation of competition in market. Porter argues, The ultimate aim of competitive strategy is to cope with and, ideally, to change those rules in the firms behavior (1985, p. 4).† According to Porter five forces find out company prosperity and profitability. Micheal Porter (1985) five forces are given below: Threat of substitutes Threat of new entrants Bargaining power of buyers Bargaining power of suppliers Competition among existing companies Porters 5 Forces Elements of Industry Structure In strategy implementation, competitive advantages, utilizing new production, new inputs for Foot Wear industry Porters Value Chain and Activity Mapping ideas give us useful information to applying these all activities. The value chain activities help BAD BOYZ III Company for examining all activities related to company performance and interaction such as (e.g. development, marketing, sales, operations, etc.) as a potential source of advantage. In year 12 company situation was little bit down and we were losing market shares in such situation we adopted the value chain activities of Porter. These activities help company existing and potential sources of differentiation e.g. products, associated services. The reason to choose this strategy ‘low cost and value chain system was helpful to underline the competitive advantages that cannot come from production side but anywhere from value chain. It also helps us to fit into value chains like suppliers, buyers and channels. PESTLE ANALYSIS PESTLE analysis is usually used to measure the organizations external factors like position, potential and direction for a business or organization. PESTLE is an acronym for Political, Economic, Social, Technological, Legal and Environmental factors. BAD BOYZ III Company PESTLE analysis is measured below: Political Factors Political factors illustrate that how and to what extent government intervenes in the investment. The main politics factors are trade barriers, tax policy, trade policies, labor law, export tariffs and environmental law. As concern to BAD BOYZ III Company not much influenced by these factors as all four regions North America, Asia Pacific, Latin America and Europe are associated with WTO. Economical Factors Economic factors show how business operate and what of decision would be make, these factors include economic growth, interest rates, exchange rates and the inflation rate. In the success and development of BAD BOYZ III company exchange rate, affect the costs o exporting products and the supply and price o imported product in an economy, plays a major role. From year 11 to year 17 company maintained a steady exchange rate. Even though company made some mistakes but due to healthy exchange rate company never fall badly. Social Factors These factors show cultural effects, health and safety aspects, people their age, population and growth rate, age and careers approaches. BAD BOYZ III Company participated in charity an as well Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and also providing complete health and safety environment. Technology Factors Technology factors are ecological and environment aspects like Research and development (R D), technology usage rate and automation, determine barriers to entry, low productive manufacturing level and impact on outsourcing decisions. BAD BOYZ III knows the importance of technology and benefits in business environment. Company all private label capacity stocks in Latin America and Asia Specific was up to date because these technology shifts can affect costs, quality, and lead to innovation. Environment Factors In environment major factors are weather, climate and variation in climate include weather, climate, and change. These factors can be analyzed as company insurance, farming and tourism. Up to date with weather inform company operation according to weather and products they offer to their customers. Legal factors Legal factors determine company legal boundary, discrimination law, consumer law, antitrust law, employment law, and health and safety law. These are average fixed value of any country and companies cannot across these boundaries. ANALYSIS OF BAD BOYZ III COMPANY FROM YEARS 11 TO 17 A complete and in depth analysis of BAD BOYZ III company is given below: Year 11 In the begging of year 11, BAD BOYZ III has total production plant capacity 6,000,000 to complete the requirements of production only for two regions North America and Asia Pacific. BAD BOYZ III Company has also managed to fulfill the production requirements of remaining regions Latin America, Europe-Africa. In the start of year 11 the demand in North America and Asia Pacific is not much high as compared to present production. So our company decided to sell 200,000 production in North America and 800,000 in Asia Pacific. BAD BOYS III adopt strategies free shipping, model offer and attractive price and advertisement in internet segment and in whole sale garment we offer rebate and model with delivery time guaranteed and advertisement to compete in competitive market. With these strategies we got good market share in internet segment but the market share in whole sale was not according to wish. At the end of year 11 our companys progress was good in contrast with other market companies with 7th position out of the 12. BAD BOYZ III company overall progress was good in footwear industry with revenue $266583000, net profit $ 30224000 with credit rating A-. Year 11 complete detail of BAD BOYZ III competitive strengths and weakness and development can be seen from appendix-1. Year 12 In year 12 BAD BOYZ III company co-managers made some changing in their management and business strategy to get maximum profit from footwear industry market. As the result of year 11 and market competitive approach we decided to sell our products with high and standard quality. As the result of new strategy, quality of product, profit was good and also helped to get high position. In internet segment our competitive strength was marketing, celebrity appeal, S/Q rating and model offer but with some weakness like retail price and shipping charges was some kind of not good factor in competitive market. In whole sale market our S/Q rating, rebate offer and retailer supports were our competitive strength points while the competitive weakness were wholesale price and retail outlets. At the end of year 12 because of some weaknesses in whole sale market and internet segment, company overall progress and position of BAD BOYZ II was down 10 out of 12 with revenue 201395000, net profit 8,587,000, EPS 0.86 and credit rating â€Å"c†. The complete description of BAD BOYZ III company year 12 weaknesses, strengths and overall progress is shown on appendix -2. Year 13 Year 12 result forced the BAD BOYZ III management to seriously take the notice of company performance that is going down. After a long discussion among BAD BOYZ III company co-manager we concluded that we should re-evaluate the company strategy and offer high quality products with low price that strategy lead to ‘low cost and increase market shares described by Portal(1985) five forces theory which is focus on high quality with low price. To achieve maximum profit and top position in footwear market we also considered about the private label segments. Year 13 is the year of thinking for us as the result of year 12 that make us to re-think our all strategies and policies that makes impact on our competitive strategies. With adoption of new strategy our competitive strengths retail price, advertising and model significantly increased but still some weaknesses are shipping charges and retail outlet are there. Because of change in strategy and improvement in retail segment, at end of year 13 Company received very good response in private label segment and got satisfaction results in other segments like revenue $ 393,872,000 that is double of last year 12, net profit was $ 31,854,000 with the ratio of earning per share equal to 3.19. These out comes caused companys rank improvement like was 8th out of 12th. In appendix-3 the BAD BOYZ III Companys year 13 overall progress including strength and weaknesses has shown. Year 14 Year 13 results increase our confidence and courage to getting more effective and efficient in the market and also lead us to understand the purchasing behavior of consumers. In year 14 we continued our last used strategy high quality with cheap price to attract more and more customers. It can only be achieved with high production as amount of consumers increased compared last year. To complete this target we need high amount money thats why BAD BOYZ III Company took a long term loan $ 248,000,000 from the bank. That loan enabled us to fulfill the production plant capacity 4600,000 per year in North America. To get high profit and maximize the sale production we seriously focus on private label that enables BAD BOYZ III competitive strengths increased as compare to the year 13 and sufficient reduction in weaknesses like internet segment and wholesale segment. End of the year 14 BAD BOYZ III Company almost received 100% response and overall progress was getting better with revenue $577,496,000 and net profit $41612, 000. In private label segment company done well and sell all pairs in private label segment caused the market share of private label segment increased such as 76.6% in North America, 52.0 % in Asia-pacific and 62.9% in Latin America as contrast to other market shares. This year increase in private label segment and overall progress helped BAD BOYZ III Company to improve its position like 6th out of 12th. For over all progress see Appendix-4. Year 15 Year 15 was little bit thinking year for BAD BOYZ III management team as the competition and consumers increasing unexpectedly. So our management decided to fix with no cost leadership and customer purchasing behaviors strategy by following Porter (1985) five forces and considering more on North Americas private label segment. The main reason to focus on North America was company high expenditure in this region because of more consumers and demands. Company wanted to get 100% feedback from that region as last year our management bought new plant capacity for it. Increased in demand and production caused the increase in BAD BOYZ III competitive strengths as compare to previous year such as ‘celebrity appeal but weakness remained same as ‘model availability. End of the year 15th brought good news in market share as BAD BOYZ III achieved all market share from North America in private label segment as compared to other regions but with some sad news as company lost his market share in rest of regions. The total revenue was $ 530,284,000 and net profit $ 55474,000 which is somewhat increased as contrast to year 14. In BAD BOYZ III company success story another success was stock prize $ 102.49 and company also offered amount 10,135,000 dividend this year. The company rank was getting better and better as was 5 out of 12. In Appendix-5 year 15 overall progress is shown. Year 16 In year 16, BAD BOYZ III Company decided to remain fixed with same strategy as in year 15 company sold almost all products. To achieve this target company decided to increase the production and plants in different segments especially in North America and Asia Pacific to produce more revenue. Company was getting satisfaction feedback from North America, so company decided to build more plant capacity in North America as well in Asia Pacific region. BAD BOYZ III Company purchased 1500 plant capacity and build 500 in North America and also considering Asia Pacific purchased 800 plants capacity in that region. In year 16th the companys competitive strengths were celebrity appeal and advertising same as last year and company also tried to get rid of the weakness related to company production and profit. Company decided to sell quantity of 500 stocks in the price of $ 96.72 as stock price was really high. At the end of the year 16th the BAD Company revenue was $ 537,898,000 that is little bit high as contrast the previous year and net profit was $30,721,000. As company was getting almost 100% market share in private label from North America caused BOYZ III market share strong position in foot wear market. Appendix-6 represents the Year 16 over all progress. Year 17 Year 17 was decision year for BAD BOYZ III management because company management decided to buy new plant in North America with capacity of 1,900,000 pairs per year. This decision is made on behalf of the year 16 results as consumers increase unexpectedly. Company also reduced the 50% prices of pairs to sell more and more products in all regions to accomplish this strategy and apply these prices we need more and more stocks. Company decided to purchase new 3135 stocks with the price of 57.73 per share. These share prices were higher than the average market shares and company still focusing on North America private label segment with 90.5% share. As mentioned above year 17 was decision year for BAD BOYZ III to make another major decision in market. For this purpose we make a commission to discuss all aspects of Footwear Company including stocks and competitive environment. In this commission we included that we should offer 4000 pair at price of $ 40, was doubled as compare to last year, in North America private label region. That decision is made on two reasons: From the last few years company was getting required feedback from North America. There were no strong competitors in North America. At the end of year 17th the decisions made and strategies applied resulted in excellent outcomes. In North America private label company sold 3546 pairs out of 4,000 at double price $40. BAD BOYZ III company revenue was 690,317,000 and net profit was 107,491,000 increased highly up to 300%. These successful factors boost company rank to top three positions like was 3rd out of 12. The other big achievement was in region of Earning per Share (EPS) that was $14.33 helped to come in 76th position from all over the world in footwear industry. APPENDIXES Appendix-1 Year 11th BAD BOYZ III Annual Summary Report Appendix-2 Year 12th BAD BOYZ III Annual Summary Report Year 12th BAD BOYZ III Annual Summary Report Revenue Net Profit Earnings Per Share Stock Price Return On Equity Image Rating Credit Rating $201,395,000 $8,587,000 $0.86 $21.07 4.60% 61 C North America Internet Segment: Wholesale Segment: Private Label Segment Actual Industry Average Actual Industry Average Actual Market Demand Price $75.30 $68.57 $62.66 $52.47 MAX $47.47 Model Offered 200 168 200 192 Advertising $15,000,000 $6,959,000 $15,000,000 $6,879,000 Celebrity Appeal 100 23 100 21 S/Q Rating 6 5 6 5 4 Market Share 10.0% 9.1% 6.6% 8.3% 0.0% 100.0% Europe Africa Internet Segment: Wholesale Segment: Private Label Segment Actual Industry Average Actual Industry Average Actual Market Demand Price $75.30 $69.52 $62.80 $53.32 MAX $48.32 Model Offered 200 166 200 192 Advertising $15,000,000 $6,771,000 $15,000,000 $6,771,000 Celebrity Appeal 70 18 70 18 S/Q Rating 6 5 6 5 4 Market Share 9.4% 8.3% 7.2% 8.3% 0.0% 100.0% Asia Pacific Internet Segment: Wholesale Segment: Private Label Segment Actual Industry Average Actual Industry Average Actual Market Demand Price $75.30 $68.57 $95.53 $51.88 MAX $46.88 Model Offered 2 Online Shoe Company Business Strategy Online Shoe Company Business Strategy INTRODUCTION The business strategy game is an online, PC-Based game in which you run the world wide athletic footwear market in confronting each other competition against other markets companies run by different group of students into different industry. But this paper only focus on the industry 10 where 12 different companies named Air Nike, Dolce and Banana, IMF vs WTO, Fabulous Foots, Galpha, BAD BOYZ III, Legs supreme, CHU WUB CHU WUB, KVincci, , E-XIE, HA-N Ltd., and Just walk are included. In my industry BAD BOYZ III includes five members (Virayudh Baram, Saif Ur Rehman, Ying Zhao, Maliha Hasin and Imran Shahzad) are responsible for managing all aspects of the companys operation. Every company tried to use their best technique and execute well planned strategies for their company specially considering against the strategies of competitor companies, delivers good bottom-line results (Net Revenue, Earning per share (EPS), the return on equity (ROE), stock price, credit rating and image rating ) and builds shareholder value. This paper is divided in three main sections. First section describe the strategy adopted by BAD BOYZ III Company with the help of Michael Porter â€Å"Five Forces† theory, second section describes the external analysis of company using PESTLE analysis and at end the BAD BOYZ III company analysis from year 11 to year 17 will be discussed with each year progress diagrams shown in Appendix. BUSINESS STRATEGY IMPORTANCE The business strategy game is real time practice business environment. In this game our role is as Manager who responsible to use productive and efficient strategies for company production and profit. In strategic management the role and effect of top managers on company performance and importance of this relationship how may be affected by companys strategy is always recognize as critical issues (Hambrick and Mason (1984), Gupta and Govindarajan (1984), Gunz and Jalland (1996)). Business strategy is influenced by top management team of any firm (Hambrick and Mason, 1984). MICHAEL PORTER (1985) BASIC STRATEGY MODEL Michael Porter (1985) describes market Industry constitution and arrangement within the market is key factor for establishment of competitive strategy. Competitive advantages of any company against other competitors can be described by the â€Å"Five Forces† diagram shows the main idea of Porters theory of competitive advantage. This theory helps companies to know about the rules and regulation of competition in market. Porter argues, The ultimate aim of competitive strategy is to cope with and, ideally, to change those rules in the firms behavior (1985, p. 4).† According to Porter five forces find out company prosperity and profitability. Micheal Porter (1985) five forces are given below: Threat of substitutes Threat of new entrants Bargaining power of buyers Bargaining power of suppliers Competition among existing companies Porters 5 Forces Elements of Industry Structure In strategy implementation, competitive advantages, utilizing new production, new inputs for Foot Wear industry Porters Value Chain and Activity Mapping ideas give us useful information to applying these all activities. The value chain activities help BAD BOYZ III Company for examining all activities related to company performance and interaction such as (e.g. development, marketing, sales, operations, etc.) as a potential source of advantage. In year 12 company situation was little bit down and we were losing market shares in such situation we adopted the value chain activities of Porter. These activities help company existing and potential sources of differentiation e.g. products, associated services. The reason to choose this strategy ‘low cost and value chain system was helpful to underline the competitive advantages that cannot come from production side but anywhere from value chain. It also helps us to fit into value chains like suppliers, buyers and channels. PESTLE ANALYSIS PESTLE analysis is usually used to measure the organizations external factors like position, potential and direction for a business or organization. PESTLE is an acronym for Political, Economic, Social, Technological, Legal and Environmental factors. BAD BOYZ III Company PESTLE analysis is measured below: Political Factors Political factors illustrate that how and to what extent government intervenes in the investment. The main politics factors are trade barriers, tax policy, trade policies, labor law, export tariffs and environmental law. As concern to BAD BOYZ III Company not much influenced by these factors as all four regions North America, Asia Pacific, Latin America and Europe are associated with WTO. Economical Factors Economic factors show how business operate and what of decision would be make, these factors include economic growth, interest rates, exchange rates and the inflation rate. In the success and development of BAD BOYZ III company exchange rate, affect the costs o exporting products and the supply and price o imported product in an economy, plays a major role. From year 11 to year 17 company maintained a steady exchange rate. Even though company made some mistakes but due to healthy exchange rate company never fall badly. Social Factors These factors show cultural effects, health and safety aspects, people their age, population and growth rate, age and careers approaches. BAD BOYZ III Company participated in charity an as well Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and also providing complete health and safety environment. Technology Factors Technology factors are ecological and environment aspects like Research and development (R D), technology usage rate and automation, determine barriers to entry, low productive manufacturing level and impact on outsourcing decisions. BAD BOYZ III knows the importance of technology and benefits in business environment. Company all private label capacity stocks in Latin America and Asia Specific was up to date because these technology shifts can affect costs, quality, and lead to innovation. Environment Factors In environment major factors are weather, climate and variation in climate include weather, climate, and change. These factors can be analyzed as company insurance, farming and tourism. Up to date with weather inform company operation according to weather and products they offer to their customers. Legal factors Legal factors determine company legal boundary, discrimination law, consumer law, antitrust law, employment law, and health and safety law. These are average fixed value of any country and companies cannot across these boundaries. ANALYSIS OF BAD BOYZ III COMPANY FROM YEARS 11 TO 17 A complete and in depth analysis of BAD BOYZ III company is given below: Year 11 In the begging of year 11, BAD BOYZ III has total production plant capacity 6,000,000 to complete the requirements of production only for two regions North America and Asia Pacific. BAD BOYZ III Company has also managed to fulfill the production requirements of remaining regions Latin America, Europe-Africa. In the start of year 11 the demand in North America and Asia Pacific is not much high as compared to present production. So our company decided to sell 200,000 production in North America and 800,000 in Asia Pacific. BAD BOYS III adopt strategies free shipping, model offer and attractive price and advertisement in internet segment and in whole sale garment we offer rebate and model with delivery time guaranteed and advertisement to compete in competitive market. With these strategies we got good market share in internet segment but the market share in whole sale was not according to wish. At the end of year 11 our companys progress was good in contrast with other market companies with 7th position out of the 12. BAD BOYZ III company overall progress was good in footwear industry with revenue $266583000, net profit $ 30224000 with credit rating A-. Year 11 complete detail of BAD BOYZ III competitive strengths and weakness and development can be seen from appendix-1. Year 12 In year 12 BAD BOYZ III company co-managers made some changing in their management and business strategy to get maximum profit from footwear industry market. As the result of year 11 and market competitive approach we decided to sell our products with high and standard quality. As the result of new strategy, quality of product, profit was good and also helped to get high position. In internet segment our competitive strength was marketing, celebrity appeal, S/Q rating and model offer but with some weakness like retail price and shipping charges was some kind of not good factor in competitive market. In whole sale market our S/Q rating, rebate offer and retailer supports were our competitive strength points while the competitive weakness were wholesale price and retail outlets. At the end of year 12 because of some weaknesses in whole sale market and internet segment, company overall progress and position of BAD BOYZ II was down 10 out of 12 with revenue 201395000, net profit 8,587,000, EPS 0.86 and credit rating â€Å"c†. The complete description of BAD BOYZ III company year 12 weaknesses, strengths and overall progress is shown on appendix -2. Year 13 Year 12 result forced the BAD BOYZ III management to seriously take the notice of company performance that is going down. After a long discussion among BAD BOYZ III company co-manager we concluded that we should re-evaluate the company strategy and offer high quality products with low price that strategy lead to ‘low cost and increase market shares described by Portal(1985) five forces theory which is focus on high quality with low price. To achieve maximum profit and top position in footwear market we also considered about the private label segments. Year 13 is the year of thinking for us as the result of year 12 that make us to re-think our all strategies and policies that makes impact on our competitive strategies. With adoption of new strategy our competitive strengths retail price, advertising and model significantly increased but still some weaknesses are shipping charges and retail outlet are there. Because of change in strategy and improvement in retail segment, at end of year 13 Company received very good response in private label segment and got satisfaction results in other segments like revenue $ 393,872,000 that is double of last year 12, net profit was $ 31,854,000 with the ratio of earning per share equal to 3.19. These out comes caused companys rank improvement like was 8th out of 12th. In appendix-3 the BAD BOYZ III Companys year 13 overall progress including strength and weaknesses has shown. Year 14 Year 13 results increase our confidence and courage to getting more effective and efficient in the market and also lead us to understand the purchasing behavior of consumers. In year 14 we continued our last used strategy high quality with cheap price to attract more and more customers. It can only be achieved with high production as amount of consumers increased compared last year. To complete this target we need high amount money thats why BAD BOYZ III Company took a long term loan $ 248,000,000 from the bank. That loan enabled us to fulfill the production plant capacity 4600,000 per year in North America. To get high profit and maximize the sale production we seriously focus on private label that enables BAD BOYZ III competitive strengths increased as compare to the year 13 and sufficient reduction in weaknesses like internet segment and wholesale segment. End of the year 14 BAD BOYZ III Company almost received 100% response and overall progress was getting better with revenue $577,496,000 and net profit $41612, 000. In private label segment company done well and sell all pairs in private label segment caused the market share of private label segment increased such as 76.6% in North America, 52.0 % in Asia-pacific and 62.9% in Latin America as contrast to other market shares. This year increase in private label segment and overall progress helped BAD BOYZ III Company to improve its position like 6th out of 12th. For over all progress see Appendix-4. Year 15 Year 15 was little bit thinking year for BAD BOYZ III management team as the competition and consumers increasing unexpectedly. So our management decided to fix with no cost leadership and customer purchasing behaviors strategy by following Porter (1985) five forces and considering more on North Americas private label segment. The main reason to focus on North America was company high expenditure in this region because of more consumers and demands. Company wanted to get 100% feedback from that region as last year our management bought new plant capacity for it. Increased in demand and production caused the increase in BAD BOYZ III competitive strengths as compare to previous year such as ‘celebrity appeal but weakness remained same as ‘model availability. End of the year 15th brought good news in market share as BAD BOYZ III achieved all market share from North America in private label segment as compared to other regions but with some sad news as company lost his market share in rest of regions. The total revenue was $ 530,284,000 and net profit $ 55474,000 which is somewhat increased as contrast to year 14. In BAD BOYZ III company success story another success was stock prize $ 102.49 and company also offered amount 10,135,000 dividend this year. The company rank was getting better and better as was 5 out of 12. In Appendix-5 year 15 overall progress is shown. Year 16 In year 16, BAD BOYZ III Company decided to remain fixed with same strategy as in year 15 company sold almost all products. To achieve this target company decided to increase the production and plants in different segments especially in North America and Asia Pacific to produce more revenue. Company was getting satisfaction feedback from North America, so company decided to build more plant capacity in North America as well in Asia Pacific region. BAD BOYZ III Company purchased 1500 plant capacity and build 500 in North America and also considering Asia Pacific purchased 800 plants capacity in that region. In year 16th the companys competitive strengths were celebrity appeal and advertising same as last year and company also tried to get rid of the weakness related to company production and profit. Company decided to sell quantity of 500 stocks in the price of $ 96.72 as stock price was really high. At the end of the year 16th the BAD Company revenue was $ 537,898,000 that is little bit high as contrast the previous year and net profit was $30,721,000. As company was getting almost 100% market share in private label from North America caused BOYZ III market share strong position in foot wear market. Appendix-6 represents the Year 16 over all progress. Year 17 Year 17 was decision year for BAD BOYZ III management because company management decided to buy new plant in North America with capacity of 1,900,000 pairs per year. This decision is made on behalf of the year 16 results as consumers increase unexpectedly. Company also reduced the 50% prices of pairs to sell more and more products in all regions to accomplish this strategy and apply these prices we need more and more stocks. Company decided to purchase new 3135 stocks with the price of 57.73 per share. These share prices were higher than the average market shares and company still focusing on North America private label segment with 90.5% share. As mentioned above year 17 was decision year for BAD BOYZ III to make another major decision in market. For this purpose we make a commission to discuss all aspects of Footwear Company including stocks and competitive environment. In this commission we included that we should offer 4000 pair at price of $ 40, was doubled as compare to last year, in North America private label region. That decision is made on two reasons: From the last few years company was getting required feedback from North America. There were no strong competitors in North America. At the end of year 17th the decisions made and strategies applied resulted in excellent outcomes. In North America private label company sold 3546 pairs out of 4,000 at double price $40. BAD BOYZ III company revenue was 690,317,000 and net profit was 107,491,000 increased highly up to 300%. These successful factors boost company rank to top three positions like was 3rd out of 12. The other big achievement was in region of Earning per Share (EPS) that was $14.33 helped to come in 76th position from all over the world in footwear industry. APPENDIXES Appendix-1 Year 11th BAD BOYZ III Annual Summary Report Appendix-2 Year 12th BAD BOYZ III Annual Summary Report Year 12th BAD BOYZ III Annual Summary Report Revenue Net Profit Earnings Per Share Stock Price Return On Equity Image Rating Credit Rating $201,395,000 $8,587,000 $0.86 $21.07 4.60% 61 C North America Internet Segment: Wholesale Segment: Private Label Segment Actual Industry Average Actual Industry Average Actual Market Demand Price $75.30 $68.57 $62.66 $52.47 MAX $47.47 Model Offered 200 168 200 192 Advertising $15,000,000 $6,959,000 $15,000,000 $6,879,000 Celebrity Appeal 100 23 100 21 S/Q Rating 6 5 6 5 4 Market Share 10.0% 9.1% 6.6% 8.3% 0.0% 100.0% Europe Africa Internet Segment: Wholesale Segment: Private Label Segment Actual Industry Average Actual Industry Average Actual Market Demand Price $75.30 $69.52 $62.80 $53.32 MAX $48.32 Model Offered 200 166 200 192 Advertising $15,000,000 $6,771,000 $15,000,000 $6,771,000 Celebrity Appeal 70 18 70 18 S/Q Rating 6 5 6 5 4 Market Share 9.4% 8.3% 7.2% 8.3% 0.0% 100.0% Asia Pacific Internet Segment: Wholesale Segment: Private Label Segment Actual Industry Average Actual Industry Average Actual Market Demand Price $75.30 $68.57 $95.53 $51.88 MAX $46.88 Model Offered 2